Chapter 2 nutrition in animals NCERT NCERT question answer

Chapter 2

Nutrition in animals

NCERT question answer

Question 1:

What are villi? What is their location and function?

Answer

The inner walls of small intestine have thousands of finger like out growth called villi

Location

They are located in small intestine

Function

The villi increase the surface area for absorption of the digested food

Question 2:

Where is the produced? produced which component of food does it help to digest? 

Answer

The bile is produced in the liver it helps to digest fat present in the food. 

Question 3:

Name the type of carbohydrate that can be digest by ruminant but not by human. Give the reason also.

Answer

Cellulose is the type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by human because cellulose is digested by an action of bacteria in a large sack likes structure called Rumen. Rumen is present only in ruminants but not in human so only ruminants can digest cellulose.

Question 4:

Why do we get instant energy from the glucose

Answer:

 we get instant energy from the glucose because when we inhale oxygen act on glucose and instantly release energy.

Question 5:

Write one similarity and difference between the nutrients in Amoeba and human beings? 

Answer

Similarity

The process of digestion is same in Amoeba and human being as the digestive juices are secreted and breakdown food into simpler substance to release energy

Difference

 Amoeba takes food with the help of false feet but human being take food through mouth.

Question 6 :

can we survive only on raw leafy vegetable grass. discuss? 

Answer : No, we cannot survive only on leafy vegetables because they provide only few nutrients like vitamin and Minerals but not all nutrients for survival and grass contains cellulose which humans cannot digest. 

 

Short question answer

 Question l: Describe how starch is partly digest in the mouth.

Answer: Starch digestion begins in the mouth. The Salivary glands in the mouth secreat saliva which helps to moisten the food the the saliva break down the starch into sugar.

Question 2:  Distinguish between Ingestion and Egestion?

Answer

 Ingestion the process of taking food into the body through mouth is called Ingestion. 

Egestion The process of removing undigested food and waste material from the body is called Egestion.

 Question 3: Define, i Assimilation (ⅱ) Rumination

Answer

Assimilations It involes uses of absorbed food materials (glucose) to build complex materias such as proteins

Rumination Grass eating animals such as cows, buffalo, quickly swallow the grass and store it in a part of stomach called Rumen here the food gets partially digested and it called cud but later the cud returns to the mouth in small lumps and the animals chews ite This process is called Rumination.

Question 4: Ushal's father suffers from acidity. The doctor has advised him not to remain on an empty stomach for too long Find out the reasons

Answer Acid is produced naturally in our stomach to digest the food and to kill bacteria when we are hungry, a lot of Acid is produced and cause. acidity

Question 5 : Generally mothers tell children not to talk or lie down while eating food what could be the reason f or it?

Answer

 Takling or laughing while eating may cause a piece of food to go down in wrong pipe.

Long Question Answer

Question I: Describe the four types of teeth. in human beings. Also write their function?

Answer : There are four types of teeth:

Incisors  

There are flat, chisel shaped front teeth. These are also called biting teeth. They help in biting and cutting.

Canines

 These are sharp and pointed teeth that grow They next to the Incisor They help in cutling

Premolars: 

These are gere broad, flat teeth next to the canines that help in chewing and grinding food

Molars

 These are also large, broad grinding teeth. They help in chewing and grinding food.

12. Write short note on:

(i)  Oesophagus

 The swallowed food pases into the food pipe or Oesophagus. It is about 25cm long in humans. The food pipe runs along the neck and the Chest. Food is pushed down by the movement of walls of the food pipe This Movement takes Place through out the alimentary canal and pushes the food down- wards. This movement is called Perispalsis.

2  Stomach 

the food pipe opens in to a large muscular bag like stucture called stomach. The shape of the stomach is like a flattened U and it is the widest part of the of alimentary canal.

3  Small intestine: 

The stomach open into the small intestine - It is highly coiled and about 7.5 metres long. The partly digested food ( chyme) from the stomach entres the small intestine. Food is digested completly in small intestine with the help of digestive Jucies secreted from the liver and pencreas